Operating under the influence of opinion
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How is public opinion formed?

Amy Fried: I believe there really is no one "public opinion," but rather opinions of different publics — composed of various individuals — each with its own concerns. That said, each public's (and each person's) opinions are affected by childhood socialization, the events and issues of the day, their own values, and communications from the media, politicians and interest groups.

What should people be most aware of when they form their own opinions?

Amy Fried: Individuals should be aware of the extent to which their own, often unexamined assumptions have shaped their perspectives. These assumptions are based in core values they adopted and were taught. In addition, citizens should be aware that others are equally sincere about their positions, and that those others have similar and different values from them.

What does it take to be an informed citizen (and thereby voter)?

Amy Fried: Citizens who know a lot frequently have developed an attitude of thoughtful attentiveness, have the ability to discern spin, and seek information widely from the media and from informed sources. While this may seem to be an onerous burden, in fact it is not, provided that citizens develop a base of knowledge at some point. Research shows that once a citizen knows a fair amount, it becomes easier to gather, integrate and remember new information.